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Lease Agreements

  • In mediæval England, the King's powerful judges began to develop a body of precedent, which became the customary law

  • But also, a Europe-wide Lex Mercatoria was formed, so that merchants could sales using familiar standards, rather than the many splintered types of local law
  • The Lex Mercatoria, a precursor to contemporary saleable law, emphasised the freedom of contract and alienability of property. As nationalism grew in the 18th and 19th centuries, Lex Mercatoria was incorporated into countries' local demand under inexperienced civil codes.

Ancient India and China represent distinct traditions of law, and had historically independent schools of condign theory and practice. The Arthashastra, probably compiled around 100 AD (though containing some older material), and the Manusmriti(c. 100-300 AD) were foundational treatises in India, texts that were considered authoritative granted guidance. Manu's central philosophy was tolerance and Pluralism, and was Lease Agreements cited across Southeast Asia.